Flap surgery

Flap surgery (also known as periodontal flap surgery) is a treatment option for severe cases of periodontal disease where deep pockets of infection form between the teeth and gums. This procedure is typically recommended when other non-surgical treatments (such as scaling and root planning) have not been successful in controlling the infection.

• What is Flap Surgery?

The surgery involves making small incisions in the gum tissue to lift a “flap” of tissue, which exposes the tooth roots and underlying bone. Once the flap is lifted, the dentist or periodontist can clean the roots thoroughly, remove any plaque or tartar build-up, and smooth out rough areas on the tooth surface that may harbor bacteria. In some cases, bone grafts or tissue grafts may be placed to help restore any lost bone or gum tissue.

• Why is Flap Surgery Performed?

Flap surgery is typically performed to reduce pockets, which are spaces that form between the teeth and gums as a result of advanced periodontal disease. These pockets can make it difficult to clean teeth effectively and can lead to further infection and tooth loss if left untreated. Flap surgery helps reduce these pockets and allows for better maintenance of oral hygiene, as well as improving the appearance of the gums.

Benefits of Flap Surgery:

• Reduces Pocket Depth: By lifting the gums and cleaning the roots, flap surgery allows for better access to deep pockets, making it easier to remove harmful bacteria and reduce the depth of pockets.
• Improves Gum Health: The procedure allows the gums to reattach to the teeth in a healthier position, reducing inflammation and bleeding.
• Restores Bone Health: If necessary, bone grafts can be placed during flap surgery to regenerate lost bone tissue, improving the foundation for the teeth.
• Aesthetic Improvements: Flap surgery can also improve the overall appearance of the gums, making them more symmetrical and healthy-looking.

What Does Flap Surgery Involve?

The procedure is typically performed under local anesthesia to ensure comfort. The surgeon will make small incisions in the gum tissue, then gently lift the tissue to expose the underlying bone and tooth roots. The roots will be thoroughly cleaned and smoothed to remove any tartar and bacteria. If bone or tissue regeneration is needed, graft materials will be placed. After cleaning and smoothing the roots, the gum flap will be repositioned and sutured into place. Recovery time typically involves some discomfort and swelling, but this usually subsides within a few days.